What happened on 19 February?

8 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1915 Gallipoli campaign Allied attempt to force the Dardanelles fails after eight months of fighting; ~250,000 casualties on each side.
2. 1963 Second-wave feminism The women's liberation movement that broadened feminism from suffrage to workplace equality, reproductive rights and social roles, from The Feminine Mystique to the ERA deadline.
3. 1630 Born: Shivaji Maratha founder who carved a Hindu kingdom out of Mughal India.
4. 1942 Attack on Darwin Japanese carrier-borne aircraft bomb the northern Australian port.
5. 1945 Battle of Iwo Jima US Marines take volcanic Pacific island after a month of brutal combat; iconic flag-raising on Mount Suribachi.
6. 1963 The Feminine Mystique published Betty Friedan names 'the problem that has no name' and ignites second-wave feminism.
7. 1942 Executive Order 9066 Roosevelt authorises the military to exclude people from the West Coast, leading to the forced removal and internment of some 120,000 Japanese Americans.
8. 1964 The Umbrellas of Cherbourg Jacques Demy's film in which every line is sung, in candy colours, makes the twenty-year-old Deneuve a star; it wins the Palme d'Or.