What happened on 7 April?

14 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1994 Rwandan genocide Hutu extremists murder ~800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus in 100 days; international community fails to intervene.
2. 1805 Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 (Eroica) Heroic symphony originally dedicated to Napoleon, withdrawn when he declared himself emperor.
3. 331 BCE Alexander founds Alexandria Alexander founds Alexandria on the Egyptian coast; later capital of the Ptolemies and Hellenistic centre of learning.
4. 1948 World Health Organization founded The UN creates a global health agency that would lead campaigns against smallpox, polio and pandemics.
5. 1920 Born: Ravi Shankar Sitar virtuoso who brought Indian classical music to global audiences.
6. 1803 Death of Toussaint Louverture Imprisoned without trial in the freezing Fort de Joux in the Jura, Toussaint dies of pneumonia and neglect, months before Haiti declares independence.
7. 1770 Born: William Wordsworth Lake Poet whose Lyrical Ballads inaugurated English Romanticism.
8. 1724 Bach's St John Passion Bach's first Passion for Leipzig, sung on Good Friday 1724 — taut, dramatic and harsher than the later St Matthew Passion.
9. 1824 Beethoven's Missa solemnis Beethoven's vast setting of the Mass, begun for Archduke Rudolph's enthronement and finished years late; he thought it his greatest work.
10. 1915 Born: Billie Holiday Jazz singer of indelible phrasing and emotional power.
11. 1767 Ayutthaya Kingdom ends Conventional end of Ayutthaya Kingdom.
12. 1348 Charles University founded Charles IV founds central Europe's first university in Prague, the model for Kraków, Vienna and Heidelberg — and later the crucible of the Hussite movement.
13. 1837 Andersen's The Little Mermaid Andersen's sea princess trades her voice for legs and an immortal soul and wins neither — published alongside 'The Emperor's New Clothes' in his third booklet of tales.
14. 1831 Pedro I abdicates the Brazilian throne Facing riots in Rio and a mutinous army, Pedro I abdicates in favour of his five-year-old son and sails for Europe to fight for his daughter's Portuguese crown.