What happened on 3 May?

10 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1947 Constitution of Japan American-drafted post-war constitution; Article 9 renounces war; emperor reduced to symbolic role.
2. 1921 Partition of Ireland The Government of Ireland Act divides the island, creating Northern Ireland and presaging the southern state.
3. 1916 The executions of the Easter Rising leaders Over ten days, British firing squads at Kilmainham Gaol execute fifteen leaders of the Easter Rising — the wounded James Connolly shot tied to a chair. Dublin had jeered the rebels
4. 1999 Kargil War Limited war between India and Pakistan over Kashmir; first since both went nuclear.
5. 1814 Bourbon Restoration Louis XVIII returns to the throne after Napoleon's first abdication; interrupted by the Hundred Days, restored again after Waterloo (1815).
6. 1791 Constitution of 3 May 1791 Europe's first modern written constitution: the dying Commonwealth abolishes the liberum veto and reforms its state — provoking Russia to invade within a year.
7. 1814 Reign of Louis XVIII First Bourbon king after Napoleon; rules under a constitutional charter.
8. 1937 The May Days split the Republic In Barcelona the Republic's factions turn their guns on each other — communists and police against anarchists and the POUM — five days of barricades that end with the revolution su
9. 1895 Founding of Rhodesia Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company establishes Rhodesia, named for himself.
10. 1915 In Flanders Fields John McCrae drafts his rondeau between burials at Ypres; the poppy has marked remembrance ever since.