What happened on 5 August?

13 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1914 German East Africa campaign Lettow-Vorbeck's German forces in East Africa fight on until November 1918.
2. 1906 Persian Constitutional Revolution Mass protests force the Qajar shah to grant a constitution and parliament — Asia's first constitutional revolution.
3. 2019 Abrogation of Article 370 Modi government revokes Jammu & Kashmir's special status.
4. 1965 Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Second Kashmir war; ends with Tashkent Declaration.
5. 1974 The 'smoking gun' tape is released The tape of 23 June 1972 — six days after the break-in — catches Nixon ordering the CIA to block the FBI's investigation. It proves he ran the cover-up from the start and has lied
6. 1772 First Partition of Poland Russia, Prussia, and Austria seize a third of Poland; Prussia gains Royal Prussia, connecting Brandenburg to East Prussia.
7. 1850 Born: Guy de Maupassant Master of the French short story; protégé of Flaubert.
8. 1925 Plaid Cymru founded The Party of Wales is founded to promote Welsh self-government and the Welsh language.
9. 1914 The forts of Liège hold up the German advance The war's first battle: Belgium's ring fortress at Liège resists the German right wing for eleven days until Krupp's monster siege guns — the first Big Berthas — smash the forts on
10. 1392 The madness of Charles VI Riding through a forest near Le Mans, the young King of France suddenly kills four of his own men in a frenzy — the first attack of a madness that recurs for thirty years, sometime
11. 2024 Bangladesh revolution A student-led uprising ousts long-ruling PM Sheikh Hasina, who flees the country amid mass protests.
12. 1100 Henry I's Charter of Liberties Seizing the throne on his brother's death, Henry issues a coronation charter promising to abandon William II's abuses — the precedent the barons will brandish at King John in 1215.
13. 1981 Reagan fires the striking air traffic controllers When 13,000 members of the PATCO union walk out illegally, Reagan gives them 48 hours and then fires over 11,000 — a defining blow against organised labour in America.