What happened on 14 August?

13 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1947 Pakistan independence Pakistan separates from British India at the same midnight as India's independence; Pakistan marks the day on 14 August, one day before India.
2. 1947 Nehru's 'Tryst with Destiny' As midnight approaches in the Constituent Assembly, Nehru rises: 'Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny... At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India wi
3. 1935 Social Security Act 1935 New Deal cornerstone establishing social insurance.
4. 1900 Eight-Nation Alliance captures Beijing An international expeditionary force relieves the legations and sacks Beijing; the fighting ends with the Boxer Protocol in 1901.
5. 1791 Boukman's Vodou ceremony at Bois Caïman Houngan priest Boukman leads a ceremony in northern Haiti where slaves swear to rise; conventional trigger for the Haitian Revolution.
6. 1980 Solidarity strike at Lenin Shipyard Lech Wałęsa leads strike at Gdańsk; founding of Solidarity, first independent trade union in the Soviet bloc.
7. 1592 Battle of Hansan Island Yi lures a Japanese fleet into open water and destroys it in a crane-wing formation, cutting the invaders' sea supply line.
8. 1941 Atlantic Charter Meeting on warships off Newfoundland, Churchill and Roosevelt set out shared war aims — self-determination, freer trade, no territorial gain — a seed of the United Nations.
9. 1936 The massacre at Badajoz After storming the border city, the Army of Africa herds perhaps two thousand prisoners and militiamen into the bullring and machine-guns them over days. Foreign correspondents fil
10. 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 The New Poor Law — relief only inside the workhouse, on terms 'less eligible' than the meanest labour — the hated backdrop to Oliver Twist.
11. 1385 Union of Krewo Grand Duke Jogaila agrees to accept Christianity and marry Queen Jadwiga of Poland, founding the Jagiellonian dynasty and yoking Poland and Lithuania together for four centuries.
12. 1948 Bradman's final innings duck Needing four runs to finish with a Test average of 100, Bradman is bowled second ball at the Oval for nought — and ends on 99.94.
13. 2016 Bolt's 'triple-triple' At Rio, Bolt wins the 100 and 200 metres at a third consecutive Olympics, an unprecedented feat in sprinting.