What happened on 30 August?

9 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 2021 US withdrawal from Afghanistan Taliban return to power as the last US troops leave after twenty years of war.
2. 1841 Robert Peel's second premiership Peel repeals the Corn Laws in the teeth of the Irish famine and splits his party for a generation.
3. 1748 Born: Jacques-Louis David Leading French Neoclassical painter.
4. 1797 Born: Mary Shelley Author of 'Frankenstein' (1818), inventor of science fiction and daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft.
5. 1999 East Timor independence referendum East Timorese vote to leave Indonesia; militias retaliate before UN-led transition.
6. 1995 NATO's first war — Operation Deliberate Force Two days after a mortar kills 43 people in a Sarajevo market — and weeks after Srebrenica — NATO finally unleashes three weeks of air strikes on the Bosnian Serbs: the alliance's f
7. 1963 The Moscow–Washington hotline opens Shaken by how slowly the two leaders could reach each other during the Cuban Missile Crisis — Khrushchev's climb-down went out by radio because a cable would take too long — the su
8. 1871 Born: Ernest Rutherford New Zealand-born physicist who discovered the atomic nucleus and named the proton.
9. 1918 Fanny Kaplan shoots Lenin Leaving a Moscow factory rally, Lenin takes two bullets from Fanny Kaplan, a half-blind Socialist Revolutionary who calls him the revolution's betrayer. He survives; the same day P