What happened on 4 March?

30 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1861 Presidency of Abraham Lincoln Civil War; Emancipation Proclamation (1863); 13th Amendment passed by Congress (1865); assassinated.
2. 1933 Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt Elected four times; led the US through the Depression and most of WWII.
3. 1801 Presidency of Thomas Jefferson Louisiana Purchase (1803); Lewis and Clark expedition; Embargo Act.
4. 1913 Presidency of Woodrow Wilson Led US into WWI (1917); Fourteen Points; League of Nations; women's suffrage.
5. 1933 New Deal FDR's programme of public works, social insurance and regulation to fight the Depression.
6. 1829 Presidency of Andrew Jackson Populist 'common man' politics; Indian Removal Act (1830); Bank War.
7. 1877 Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake Ballet whose initial 1877 staging flopped but became one of the most performed.
8. 1845 Presidency of James K. Polk Mexican-American War (1846-48); Oregon Treaty; California acquired.
9. 1897 Presidency of William McKinley Spanish-American War (1898); annexation of Hawaii; assassinated in Buffalo.
10. 1809 Presidency of James Madison Led the US through the War of 1812; British burned Washington in 1814.
11. 1817 Presidency of James Monroe Era of Good Feelings; Monroe Doctrine (1823); Missouri Compromise (1820).
12. 1797 Presidency of John Adams Quasi-War with France; Alien and Sedition Acts; lost re-election to Jefferson.
13. 1869 Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant Reconstruction enforcement; 15th Amendment; Credit Mobilier scandals.
14. 1857 Presidency of James Buchanan Often rated the worst US president; secession crisis erupted in his final months in office.
15. 1918 Spanish flu pandemic begins 1918 influenza pandemic kills tens of millions worldwide.
16. 1929 Presidency of Herbert Hoover Wall Street Crash 1929; Great Depression deepened; lost in landslide.
17. 1877 Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction; civil-service reform began.
18. 1865 Lincoln's second inaugural address 'With malice toward none, with charity for all': six weeks before his death, Lincoln casts the war as judgement on the whole nation for the sin of slavery.
19. 1974 Harold Wilson's second premiership Wilson settles the miners, wins the 1975 referendum on Europe and resigns unexpectedly at sixty.
20. 1853 Presidency of Franklin Pierce Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) reignited the slavery crisis.
21. 1909 Presidency of William Howard Taft Dollar Diplomacy; split with TR; later became Chief Justice.
22. 1893 Presidency of Grover Cleveland (second term) Panic of 1893; Pullman Strike; Hawaii annexation rejected.
23. 1885 Presidency of Grover Cleveland (first term) First president to serve two non-consecutive terms (#22).
24. 1837 Presidency of Martin Van Buren Panic of 1837 dominated his term; Trail of Tears continued.
25. 1889 Presidency of Benjamin Harrison Sherman Antitrust Act (1890); McKinley Tariff; Wounded Knee massacre.
26. 1802 Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot Dessalines's garrison holds a hilltop fort against Leclerc's veterans for three weeks, then breaks out through French lines — a defeat that showed the French army could bleed.
27. 1825 Presidency of John Quincy Adams Won via 'corrupt bargain' in the House; one-term presidency.
28. 1921 Presidency of Warren G. Harding 'Return to normalcy'; Teapot Dome scandal; died in office.
29. 1881 Presidency of James A. Garfield Shot four months into his term; died in September 1881.
30. 1849 Presidency of Zachary Taylor Mexican-War hero; died in office sixteen months in.