What happened on 9 April?

22 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1865 Surrender at Appomattox Lee surrenders to Grant — effective end of the American Civil War.
2. 1917 Duchamp's Fountain A signed urinal submitted as art; the landmark readymade that ignites conceptual art.
3. 1184 BCE Priam ransoms Hector's body Iliad 24: guided by Hermes through the camp by night, the old king kisses the hands that killed his son — and Achilles weeps with him.
4. 1917 Battle of Vimy Ridge Canadian Corps captures the German-held ridge in a meticulously planned assault; a defining moment of Canadian nationhood.
5. 1821 Born: Charles Baudelaire Poet and critic; precursor of French Symbolist poetry.
6. 1175 BCE Argos the dog knows his master Odyssey 17: abandoned on the dung-heap, too weak to rise, the old hound pricks his ears, wags his tail at the beggar's voice — and dies.
7. 1865 Born: Erich Ludendorff German general; effective dictator of Germany in late WW1.
8. 1952 Bolivian Revolution of 1952 Major social and political revolution in Bolivia.
9. 1241 Battle of Legnica A Mongol flying column destroys Duke Henry the Pious's Polish and German army in Silesia, two days before the main force crushes Hungary at Mohi.
10. 1942 Bataan Death March Japanese force-march 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners; thousands die from exhaustion, disease, summary execution.
11. 1609 The Twelve Years' Truce Exhausted, Spain signs a twelve-year truce that treats the United Provinces as effectively sovereign — and the new republic, mid-war, is already the richest trading nation on earth
12. 2003 Fall of Baghdad US forces capture the Iraqi capital and Saddam Hussein's statue is toppled, ending the conventional phase of the invasion.
13. 1981 Bobby Sands is elected from his death-bed Forty days into his hunger strike in the Maze, IRA prisoner Bobby Sands wins a Westminster by-election — an MP starving himself to death over the right to be treated as a political
14. 1940 Norwegian Campaign German invasion of Denmark and Norway; secured iron-ore route and North Sea flank.
15. 193 Reign of Septimius Severus African-born general who founds the Severan dynasty; militarises the empire and dies in Britain at Eboracum.
16. 1609 Expulsion of the Moriscos Philip III expels some 300,000 descendants of Spain's Muslims, completing the confessional purge begun in 1492.
17. 1288 Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288) Trần Hưng Đạo plants iron-tipped stakes in the Bạch Đằng river and lures the Mongol fleet onto them at the ebb, destroying Kublai's third invasion of Đại Việt.
18. 1868 Battle of Magdala Napier's force breaks Tewodros's army at Arogee and storms the mountain citadel of Magdala on Easter Monday; the emperor shoots himself, and the British loot the fortress and burn
19. 1992 Deep Cover (Dr. Dre feat. Snoop Doggy Dogg) Dre's first post-N.W.A single and Snoop's debut.
20. 1939 Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial Barred from Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution because she is Black, Anderson sings on Easter Sunday to 75,000 people — after Eleanor Roosevelt resigns f
21. 1987 Diana shakes hands with an AIDS patient Opening Britain's first purpose-built AIDS ward, Diana shakes a patient's hand without gloves — a photograph that punctures the stigma that the disease spread by touch.
22. 2005 Charles marries Camilla Parker Bowles Thirty-five years after they first met, the Prince of Wales marries Camilla in a civil ceremony at Windsor Guildhall, followed by a blessing in St George's Chapel.