What happened on 19 April?

17 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1775 American Revolutionary War Thirteen Colonies defeat Britain with French aid; the United States is born.
2. 1994 Illmatic (Nas album) Ten tracks, five star producers, a 20-year-old's Queensbridge: rap's most acclaimed debut.
3. 1775 Battles of Lexington and Concord First armed engagements of the American Revolution; Paul Revere's ride; "shot heard round the world".
4. 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Jewish resistance fought the SS for nearly a month before the ghetto was razed.
5. 1824 Byron dies at Missolonghi Europe's most famous poet, having given his fortune and his name to the Greek cause, dies of fever in the marsh town he was helping defend — without fighting a battle. The death do
6. 1971 First space station (Salyut 1) Soviet space station — first in orbit.
7. 1175 BCE Eurycleia and the scar Odyssey 19: washing the beggar's feet, the old nurse touches the boar-tusk scar above the knee and knows him — his hand closes on her throat: not a word.
8. 1965 Moore's Law formulated In a trade-magazine article, Fairchild's research director Gordon Moore observes that the number of components on a chip has doubled every year and guesses the trend will hold — la
9. 2005 Election of Pope Benedict XVI Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger becomes pope, a conservative theologian who would later become the first to resign in 600 years.
10. 1783 Catherine the Great's annexation of Crimea Russia annexes the Crimean Khanate, securing Black Sea access.
11. 1995 Oklahoma City bombing Anti-government extremists bomb a federal building, killing 168 in the deadliest act of domestic terrorism in US history.
12. 1941 Brecht's Mother Courage and Her Children Anti-war epic theatre piece - Brecht's verfremdungseffekt.
13. 2024 Indian general election 2024 Modi wins a third term but without a majority — NDA coalition forms government.
14. 1713 Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 Charles VI decrees that a daughter of his may inherit the undivided Habsburg lands, then spends his reign buying Europe's worthless signatures to it.
15. 2021 Ingenuity: first flight on another planet A 1.8-kilogram helicopter rises three metres above Mars carrying a scrap of the Wright Flyer's wing — 72 flights instead of the planned five.
16. 1906 Death of Pierre Curie Pierre is killed by a horse-drawn wagon in a Paris street; Marie takes over his chair, becoming the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne.
17. 2024 Bitcoin halving #4 Bitcoin's fourth halving event.