What happened on 7 June?

12 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1832 Great Reform Act Reforms English electoral system; first step in extending the vote to the middle class.
2. 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas Spain and Portugal partition the non-European world along a meridian west of the Cape Verde Islands.
3. 1967 Israel takes East Jerusalem and the West Bank Paratroopers fight through the Old City to the Western Wall — the first Jewish control of the site in nineteen centuries — while Jordan's army collapses across the West Bank. The p
4. 1958 Born: Prince American musician of unprecedented range.
5. 1848 Born: Paul Gauguin French Post-Impressionist who left Europe for Tahiti.
6. 1802 Arrest of Toussaint Louverture Invited to a parley under safe conduct, Toussaint is seized, shipped to France, and locked in a freezing fortress in the Jura, where he dies within a year. His parting words prove
7. 1944 The grinding battle for Caen Montgomery's D-Day objective takes six weeks and a succession of code-named offensives to fall, drawing the German panzer divisions onto the British front and grinding the city its
8. 1935 Stanley Baldwin's third premiership Baldwin manages the abdication of Edward VIII and begins rearmament against Germany.
9. 1520 Field of the Cloth of Gold Lavish summit between Henry VIII and Francis I near Calais; theatrical attempt at Anglo-French alliance.
10. 1628 Petition of Right Parliament's statement of subject's rights — no taxation without consent, no arbitrary imprisonment — that Charles I reluctantly accepts.
11. 1945 Britten's Peter Grimes Suffolk fisherman opera; revived English opera after WWII.
12. 1905 Norway gains independence Norway peacefully dissolves its union with Sweden, becoming a fully independent kingdom.