What happened on 20 June?

13 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1837 Victorian era Reign of Queen Victoria and the era of British global pre-eminence, industrial expansion, social reform, and imperialism.
2. 1837 Reign of Victoria Reign of Victoria (1837-1901) as monarch of England (later Britain/UK).
3. 1837 Victorian era begins Conventional start of Victorian era.
4. 1900 Siege of the International Legations Boxers and imperial troops besiege the foreign legations in Beijing for 55 days.
5. 1789 Tennis Court Oath Third Estate, locked out of their hall, swears on a tennis court not to disband until France has a constitution.
6. 1791 Flight to Varennes Royal family disguised in coach flees Paris; recognised and arrested at Varennes; collapses public faith in constitutional monarchy.
7. 1948 The Deutschmark ignites the crisis Without warning, the western zones replace the worthless Reichsmark with a new currency — the Deutschmark that will power the economic miracle. To Stalin it is the West building a
8. 1969 Presidency of Georges Pompidou Gaullism with the brakes off: industrial modernisation, the Paris ring road, and death in office.
9. 451 Battle of the Catalaunian Plains Coalition under Aetius defeats Attila the Hun in Gaul; one of the last great Western Roman field victories.
10. 1900 The German minister is shot dead Baron von Ketteler, on his way to protest to the Chinese government, is shot in the street by an imperial soldier — the day before the court declares war, and the event Europe's ne
11. 1975 Jaws Spielberg's shark thriller invents the modern summer blockbuster.
12. 1756 Black Hole of Calcutta British prisoners die in a cramped Calcutta cell; a galvanising episode in the British conquest of Bengal.
13. 1605 False Dmitry I takes Moscow Pretender claiming to be Ivan IV's son seizes the throne; deposed and killed within a year.