What happened on 16 July?

8 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1945 Trinity test (first atomic bomb) First detonation of a nuclear device in New Mexico.
2. 1960 Sino-Soviet split Ideological and strategic rupture between Moscow and Beijing reshapes the Cold War.
3. 1951 The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger's novel of teenage alienation, narrated by Holden Caulfield.
4. 1973 Butterfield reveals the White House tapes Asked almost in passing whether conversations in the Oval Office were ever recorded, aide Alexander Butterfield answers yes — everything, automatically, since 1971. The scandal now
5. 1212 Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa Coalition of Iberian Christian kingdoms crushes the Almohad caliphate; turns the Reconquista decisively in Christian favour.
6. 1808 Battle of Bailén Spanish army forces French corps to surrender in Andalusia; first major defeat of Napoleon's land army; lights up Spanish resistance.
7. 1917 The July Days shake Petrograd Armed workers and sailors rise half-spontaneously against Russia's Provisional Government; the rising fizzles, Lenin flees to Finland in disguise, and Trotsky is jailed. It looks l
8. 1834 Lord Melbourne's first premiership Melbourne is dismissed by William IV after four months, the last time a monarch sacked a prime minister.