What happened on 18 July?

10 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1898 Curie discovers polonium and radium Marie and Pierre Curie announce the discovery of polonium in July 1898; radium follows in December.
2. 1947 The Indian Independence Act passes Six weeks after the Mountbatten Plan, Parliament winds up the Raj in a bill that takes under a month from introduction to royal assent — two dominions from 15 August, the princely
3. 1955 Geneva Summit 1955 First post-war summit of US, UK, France and USSR — start of thaw.
4. 1925 Publication of Mein Kampf Hitler's prison manifesto sets out the antisemitic, expansionist programme he would later pursue as dictator.
5. 1972 Sadat expels the Soviet advisers Anwar Sadat orders 20,000 Soviet military advisers out of Egypt — read everywhere as a step away from war, since Egypt surely cannot fight without them. It is the opposite: Sadat i
6. 1290 Edict of Expulsion Edward I expels all Jews from England — some 2,000 people — the first national expulsion in medieval Europe; they are not readmitted until Cromwell.
7. 390 BCE Battle of the Allia Senones Gauls under Brennus crush a Roman army on the Allia, opening Rome to sack.
8. 2008 The Dark Knight released Christopher Nolan's Batman sequel; Heath Ledger's posthumous Oscar for the Joker.
9. 1100 Death of Godfrey of Bouillon A year after taking Jerusalem, its 'Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre' dies there after a short illness; his brother Baldwin takes the crown he had refused.
10. 1334 Giotto begins the Campanile of Florence Cathedral Appointed master of works of Florence Cathedral, the painter lays the foundations of its marble-clad bell tower; finished after his death, it is still known as Giotto's Campanile.