What happened on 14 September?

14 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1901 Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt Trust-busting Progressive; Panama Canal began; Nobel Peace Prize.
2. 1953 Khrushchev's leadership of the Soviet Union The Secret Speech and de-Stalinisation, the Thaw, Sputnik, the Berlin Wall and the Cuban missile crisis, ending in his removal by the Presidium.
3. 2015 LIGO detects gravitational waves Direct observation of waves predicted by Einstein a century earlier.
4. 1607 Flight of the Earls The Gaelic earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell flee Ireland, ending the old Gaelic aristocratic order in Ulster.
5. 1857 The British storm Delhi After three months on the Ridge, the besiegers blow the Kashmiri Gate and fight street by street for six days to retake the rebel capital. The sack that follows is merciless; Zafar
6. 1930 The Nazis break through at the polls A year into the Depression, the NSDAP leaps from twelve Reichstag seats to 107 — from fringe to Germany's second party overnight. Brüning already governs by emergency decree; parli
7. 1812 Burning of Moscow Russians set fire to Moscow during Napoleon's occupation; deprives the Grande Armée of winter quarters; triggers the catastrophic retreat.
8. 1141 The Rout of Winchester Seven months after capturing King Stephen at Lincoln, Matilda's cause collapses in a single afternoon: besieging Winchester, her army is itself surrounded, and her indispensable ha
9. 1867 Marx's Das Kapital Karl Marx's critique of political economy, the foundational text of socialism and a landmark of social thought.
10. 1960 Founding of OPEC Oil-producing states form a cartel that will reshape world energy markets.
11. 2007 Northern Rock run / UK banking crisis First bank run on a major British lender since the Victorian era.
12. 1793 Macartney Embassy to China British mission seeking trade is rebuffed by Qianlong; foreshadows the Opium Wars.
13. 81 Reign of Domitian Last Flavian emperor; effective administrator and tyrant; assassinated in palace conspiracy after 15 years.
14. 1814 The Star-Spangled Banner Francis Scott Key, watching the British bombardment of Fort McHenry from a truce ship, writes the poem that — set to an English drinking tune — became the American national anthem