What happened on 21 October?

14 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1600 Battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats western daimyō coalition in a single day; clears his path to the shogunate.
2. 1805 Battle of Trafalgar Nelson's fleet decisively defeats the French-Spanish fleet off Cape Trafalgar; Nelson is killed; the victory reinforces British naval supremacy.
3. 1097 Siege of Antioch Crusaders take Antioch after eight-month siege; the Holy Lance discovered there inspires their breakout victory over Kerbogha's relief army.
4. 1520 Magellan finds the strait Behind a cape sighted on the feast of St Ursula opens the labyrinth Magellan promised: 350 miles of channels between glaciers, threaded in 38 days without charts. One ship deserts
5. 1904 The Dogger Bank incident Steaming through the North Sea at night, Russia's Baltic Fleet mistakes Hull's fishing trawlers for Japanese torpedo boats — six thousand miles from Japan — and opens fire, killing
6. 1966 Aberfan disaster Coal spoil tip engulfs a Welsh school, killing 116 children.
7. 1982 García Márquez wins the Nobel Prize in Literature The Swedish Academy honours novels 'in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined'; he accepts in a white Caribbean liqui liqui instead of tails.
8. 1772 Born: Samuel Taylor Coleridge Lake Poet and critic; author of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.
9. 1680 Comédie-Française founded Seven years after Molière's death, Louis XIV merges his old troupe with the actors of the Hôtel de Bourgogne — the world's oldest active national theatre company, still called 'the
10. 1965 Flooding of Capel Celyn The Tryweryn valley and Welsh-speaking village of Capel Celyn are drowned to supply Liverpool with water, despite near-unanimous Welsh opposition — a lasting catalyst for Welsh nat
11. 1967 March on the Pentagon Around 100,000 anti-war protesters rally in Washington and some 50,000 march on the Pentagon, a landmark of the US antiwar movement.
12. 1940 For Whom the Bell Tolls An American volunteer with a guerrilla band is sent to blow a bridge behind Nationalist lines — Hemingway's novel of the Spanish Civil War he had reported on.
13. 1433 Portrait of a Man in a Red Turban Dated 21 October 1433 on its frame and inscribed 'As I can', van Eyck's piercing small portrait is widely believed to be a self-portrait.
14. 1966 Derrida's 'Structure, Sign, and Play' lecture At a Johns Hopkins conference meant to introduce structuralism to America, the unknown Derrida dismantles it — the debut of deconstruction in the English-speaking world.