What happened on 7 July?

9 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 1801 Toussaint Louverture issues Haitian constitution Former slave proclaims himself governor-for-life; soon abducted by Napoleon's forces.
2. 2005 7/7 London bombings Four suicide bombers attack London transport, killing 52 commuters.
3. 1807 Treaties of Tilsit Napoleon and Alexander I meet on a raft on the Niemen; treaties partition Europe; Prussia humiliated; brief Franco-Russian alliance.
4. 1520 Battle of Otumba A week after the Noche Triste, the wrecked survivors — wounded, powderless, guns lost in the lake — are caught on the plain of Otumba by a vast Mexica army. A cavalry charge at the
5. 1456 The rehabilitation trial clears Joan With Rouen retaken and his own legitimacy resting on a coronation arranged by a condemned heretic, Charles VII permits a papal re-trial. A hundred and fifteen witnesses — her child
6. 1718 The tsarevich dies in the fortress Peter's son Alexei — pious, passive, everything his father despised — flees abroad, is lured home with a pardon, and dies in the Peter and Paul Fortress days after being condemned
7. 1898 Hawaii annexed by the United States Newlands Resolution annexes Hawaii, five years after American businessmen and marines overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893.
8. 2021 Assassination of Jovenel Moïse Haiti's president is murdered by mercenaries in his home, plunging the country into gang-ruled collapse.
9. 1860 Born: Gustav Mahler Late-Romantic composer of vast symphonies and song-cycles.