What happened on 9 October?

10 events from the Ever-When timeline, ranked by how much they mattered.

1. 768 Reign of Charlemagne King of the Franks who unified much of western Europe; crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800.
2. 2006 North Korea's first nuclear test North Korea detonates its first nuclear device, becoming the world's eighth nuclear power and triggering an enduring crisis.
3. 2012 Malala Yousafzai shot by the Taliban The Pakistani schoolgirl survives an assassination attempt for championing girls' education and becomes the youngest Nobel laureate.
4. 1831 Assassination of Capodistrias Greece's first head of state — a former Russian foreign minister trying to build a government out of warlords and clans — is shot and stabbed on the church steps of Nafplio by the
5. 1835 Born: Camille Saint-Saëns French composer of Carnival of the Animals and Samson et Dalila.
6. 1967 Death of Che Guevara The Marxist revolutionary is captured and executed in Bolivia, becoming an enduring global icon of rebellion.
7. 1966 Born: David Cameron Conservative Prime Minister who called the Scottish and EU referendums.
8. 1651 Navigation Acts Parliament reserves colonial trade to English ships — the legal skeleton of the mercantile empire, and a standing grievance in America.
9. 1934 Assassination of Alexander I of Yugoslavia A Macedonian gunman working with Croatian Ustaše kills the Yugoslav king (and the French foreign minister) in Marseille — the first assassination captured on film.
10. 1919 Black Sox scandal Chicago White Sox players fix the 1919 World Series.